Hypovolemia and Hypervolemia: Pathophysiology, Clinical Manifestations, and Management
Hypovolemia and hypervolemia are conditions related to abnormal fluid volume in the body. These states have significant implications for cardiovascular, renal, and overall systemic health. This research paper provides a comprehensive overview of hypovolemia and hypervolemia, including their pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches, and management strategies. Introduction Understanding Hypovolemia and Hypervolemia Hypovolemia refers to a […]