The emergence of internet in the year 1980s resulted to the gradual evolution of cyberspace as a section of human activity,the growth empowered individuals in direction of information communication technology, however ,this advancement yielded others negative effects on the technology which led to cyber-crime that became a challenge to individuals ,administrators of cyber space and the government Cyber-crime is one of the most fast growing area of crime in the 21st century, more often the criminals have secretly identified the diverse range of committing crime through the use of internet, most the crime reported is done by computer or any technology that supports criminal activities, this unlawful act is punishable by the information technology ,virtually all types of communication technologies can be used to intimidate or bully others,. For instance, emails, text messages can be used by criminals to threaten an individual
Cyber-crime can have broad areas where the criminalactivities is done, attacks on computer hardware and software enables the criminals make intrusion to network hence accessing confidential information which eases a soft landing whenever an attack is mounted,(Gordon,2003)
Moreover financial corruption and crimes can be done online whereby criminals can manage into making fraud transactions through false information. It end up the victims being frustrated resulting to negative attitude in participating in online purchasing. This trends is becoming major challenge when promoting a global market of industrial goods among different states , highly and complex cyber criminal activities partner with individuals and other organization to fund the criminal activities Such as cheating on credit card frauds and money laundering.
Cyber bullying can also be through the pornography where slum children are abused through computers or published print media where they force them to appear in for obscene photographs the acts results to children experiencing negative socialization which later affects their day to day psychological functioning
Moreover cyber-crime can act a s a base for sale of illegal articles such as weapons, narcotics and wildlife products, this websites becomes an a threat to growing wildlife population hence disintegrating the activities of conservation.(Kelly, 1999),
Email spoofing is another form used by criminals to undertake their cyber bullying, this is one of the emails that appears to originate from one source but in the real sense it has been sent by a different person, itmight result from piracy ,trademark or theft of computer source codes,
Another technique is the use of programthathas deadly viruses to the software of computers is also a form of crime.it harms the files to computers. This affect the data of the computer either by deleting or altering the viruses, they merely make themselves multiple andrepeatedly until they consume the all computer memory. Statistics shows that it’s one ofdangerous threat to individual computers the virus struck one in every five personal computers.
According to Baskerville,(1991).There are number of effects of cyber-crime on victims, its effects results to other implications including financial losses , loss of consumer confidence and trust on online buying, property loss and overall impact to the society, there is also financial loss incurred by the government as they try to secure hacked network as they try to recover from cyber attacks
Business people do suffer from the menace, More Often, the confidential information of business like trade secretes make it advantageous for the criminal access opportunities in commercial negotiations in the market, these competing business strategy undermines the potential of the producing organization in expansion, For example theft of oil exploration data or sensitive business negotiationinformation, most organization are unwilling to quantify their financial losses due to security breaches ,they are always reluctant to disclose for fear of embarrassment and negative publicity. Companies are worriedespecially if the information is leaked to their competitors which end up destroying their reputations, it generally lowers the organization firms stock price .therefore managers must be cautious on the existing cyber-crime which might affect the organizations performance.(Power, R., 2001).
A number of tactics can be used to reduce the magnitude of cyber bullying, for instance, training citizens and consumers is one of the fundamental action so that the mitigation ofthe attacks is reduced, theawareness makes them knowledgeable on cyber threats and how to protecttheir ownpersonal information. Use of strong passwords for accounts is also encouraged.
There is also great concern to secure our mobile phones with software like anti-virus so as to make it secure from eternal intrusion of viruses which will at the end damage the sensitive information in the system
The other remedy emphasized in responding to cybercrime is to secure wireless networks since they are too vulnerable to attacks; it’s aided by avoiding transactions on these networks which are new to our system.
The members of the public are to be cautious especially when giving out their personal information like the website address, financial information on the internet and especially when conducting online purchase.(Bowen Mace, 2009),
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