Public Policy Development, Enactment, Implementation, and Impact

Select an actual event from your prior professional experience in which you or the organization(s) with which you work developed, enacted, implemented, and/or impacted public policy. If you do not have an example of a professional experience or organization, select one from the literature (i.e., reputable newspapers, periodicals, websites, etc.) with which you are familiar enough to complete this Assignment. Think in broad terms about the definition of public policy. Social change and/or an organization’s strategic agenda are acceptable.

Write a case scenario that illustrates how you or your organization developed, enacted, implemented, and/or impacted public policy. Organize the case scenario according to the following format:

Background: Provide the background for the case scenario. The background section of the paper must include but is not limited to the following:

A brief description of the organization(s) involved including the country where the case originates
A description of the policy issue and how it was addressed
An explanation of the desired outcome or goal
An explanation of the action undertaken to achieve the outcome (i.e., was the organization attempting to develop, enact, implement, and/or impact public policy or was it a combination of these activities and what was done?)
A detailed description of the actual policy outcome and an explanation of the factors that may have impacted it

Variables: Provide a description of the variables that effected the development, enactment, and implementation of the public policy. Use the following prompts to help structure this section. Please note, not all prompts will apply to the event you select.

Explain what, if any, basic democratic concepts, principles, and processes were involved.
Explain the network interactions involved, if any, and explain what they were.
Explain the tools of democracy or strategies your organization used.
Describe the leaders and explain their influence on the process.
Explain the ethical concerns and implications surrounded the action.
Explain diversity issues involved, if any, and explain how they were addressed.
Explain whether the action presented a challenge to democratic governance and explain how those challenges were addressed.
Explain the role of technology in the process.

Relationships: Describe the relationships among the variables you explained in the previous section. For example, did the actors in the policy network related to the event influence the type of tools used to implement a policy? Or, did social networking technology used to connect actors lead to ethical issues surrounding privacy? Be creative and think about all the possible relationships among the variables.

Insights: Share conclusions, insights, and recommendations that emerged from your experiences and the development of the case scenario. Include insights you have gained concerning how this case might have played out differently in a different country or culture as well as how the public policy might effect social change.

Bibliography: Provide a bibliography of all works you used in the development of this Final Project.

Public Policy Development, Enactment, Implementation, and Impact At Boeing

Background

Boeing is a designer and manufacturer of airplanes, helicopters, missiles, rockets, telecommunication equipment, and rotorcrafts. It is a multinational corporation based in Chicago, United States. The company is one of the biggest in aerospace manufacturing. The company is also very notable in the provision of defense equipment. Boeing was founded in 1916 by Willian Boeing in Washington. The company has gained a reputation for being at the forefront of innovation in its field. This credit is because the company invests in the employment of the most qualified scientists in the field to lead the designing and manufacturing of its products. However, recent accidents involving its airplanes have raised public and safety concerns on the safety standards of the company’s products. These developments have recently prompted Boeing to enact policy changes in regards to the safety of the public who use its aircraft for movement from one place to another. The policy changes suggested by the company have been in areas to do with the manufacturing of the planes, development of the latest control software, the training of pilots, scheduling of maintenance intervals, and liaising with airlines to improve safety standards.

The need to implement policy changes from the occurrence of two major accidents involving two Boeing airplanes. The first incidence involved an Indonesian plane, Lion Air Flight 610 that happened on 29 October 2018. The plane involved was a Boeing 737 Max series. The fatal accident led to the death of 189 people who were on board. The cause of the accident was determined to be a technical error in the plane’s control system. The error was blamed for overcorrecting sudden ascends of the plane. The accident put Boeing at the forefront of scrutiny as many governments and users threatened to boycott using the company’s airplanes. The second incident involved an Ethiopian airliner. In the Ethiopian case, the Ethiopian Airlines Flight 302 crashed 8 minutes after taking off from Adis Ababa International Airport. The plane was heading to Nairobi, Kenya. This accident led to the death of 157 people who were on board. The accident was classified as the deadliest airplane crash involving the country’s airlines (Pasztor et al., 2019). Preliminary investigations showed that the plane had experienced the same challenges as the Indonesian Lion Air Flight 610. In this case, it was clear that the company had to give the strongest response in order to fully address the concerns raised by airlines and members of the public.

The safety policy changes originated by the company had far-reaching consequences on its operations, as well as on the operations of many airlines all over the world. The initial development was a decision to ground all the Boeing 737 Max series airplanes all over the world. This step was taken as an initial response based on the determination that the planes had been deemed significantly unsafe, and therefore could not operate as usual. Subsequent stages of the policy involved enacting elaborate policy measures that would ensure increased safety standards for the company’s airplanes going forward. The policy also encompassed areas that encouraged modification of the cockpits in order to accommodate new generation pilots. In areas to do with software updates, the company commissioned a new company to work with its internal software developers to come up with an error-free control system that would address the main reason that led to the mentioned accidents. The main software that is being focused on is the one that deals with Maneuvering Characteristics Augmentation System (Fischer, 2019). This system was faulty in both planes, and it has been found that all Boeing 737 Max series could have the same issue because they all operate using the same software. The software is an automatic controller that helps to create horizontal stability when a plane performs a sudden nose-dive up (NDU). The grounding of the planes and the undertaking of the mentioned policies have led to an increase in confidence in the company. Many people now see the company as caring, and that safety concerns are being addressed effectively.

Variables

The leadership of the company has been at the forefront of formulating and implementing the outlined policies. Dave Calhoun, the chief executive, and president of the company took the front seat in enforcing the policy and ensuring that the necessary steps are taken quickly. One of his primary roles involved conducting meetings with regulatory bodies to come up with proper ways of executing the safety measures and policies. The main challenges presented by the proposed policies were on the image and the profitability of the business. By indefinitely grounding the planes, the company would lose money, as well as have to compensate the affected airlines that would be forced to explore alternative airplanes for their business for the duration of the grounding.

Ethical issues were at the center of the implementation of the company’s new policies. The company had to project the picture that it was concerned about people’s safety more than profits and the company’s brand. As many legal complaints were lodged by the affected families, the company also had to ensure that determined compensations were paid on time, and without much resistance or delays. The initial steps by the company helped to show that the company was remorseful about the accidents and that it was doing all it could to ensure that the same does not recur in the future. Technology was at the center of all the implementation stages of the company’s safety policy. The suggested corrections in the cockpit require the adoption of the technology. However, the center of the use of the technology is in the updating of the control software used in navigation (Johnston & Harris, 2019). This step called for the employment of the best minds in the field, as well as investing in bigger working spaces and supporting technologies such as computers to enable the process.

Relationships between the Variables

There are a number of relationships among the explained variables. One of the main relationships involves the cooperative manner in which the leadership of the Boeing Company works with various airlines across the world. The company’s managers had to be in agreement with the leadership of the various airlines in order to find reasonable compensation fees that would allow both parties to operate optimally. The relationship between the members of the public and the company was also another factor that came out clearly. These relationships between the company, its leadership, the public, and airlines form an integrated network because the business is ultimately based on the provision of services to people.

Another significant relationship is in the variables is in the way public trust would affect the companies that experienced the accidents. The Indonesian and Ethiopian Airlines became the center of attention immediately after the accidents. People use various airlines based on the level of trust they have in them. Although cost is a major factor in the transport sector, safety concerns is the topmost issue that most travelers consider. In this regard, the company taking responsibility meant that this lifted pressure from the affected airlines. This move meant that customers would focus on Boeing, and not on the airlines whose planes had experienced the accidents.

Insights

The policy changes by the Boeing Company were done in the right manner and responded to the needs of customers and airlines adequately. The steps taken were regular and illustrate a systematic response that followed the expected protocol in many ways. By prioritizing safety, the company managed to redeem its image which had been tainted by the accidents. The grounding of the planes and initiating new plans to make changes to the cockpits, as well as rectifying the software issues ensured that the company would ultimately address the primary causes of the accidents. This case shows that airlines should be able to take up responsibility at all times in order to adequately address critical concerns from users. The provided case scenario can also be adopted by all organizations in how they respond to issues that affect their customers. Prioritizing the safety of customers is one of the most significant marketing tools that companies can adopt. It is possible that in other jurisdictions, the Boeing Company would have gone out of business. This outcome is possible because most companies are not as resilient as Boeing, or do not have supporting structures as those provided by the United States government.

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