Introduction
The future of criminal policy in law enforcement is quite complicated as more Policy plays in critical role in law enforcement. How the law is enforced and carried out by the courts to the probation and the actual sentences given to persons. Policies are predetermined courses of action. Law enforcement has many practices that need have policies guiding them. Policies, therefore, help provide for professionalism, particularly in law enforcement. Policy analysis and making come into play especially on how the police handle their suspects and in the case where there is need to use a pistol (Benforado, 2015). Such constant analysis of policymaking makes the future of criminal justice policy making dynamic and therefore susceptible to many changes according to the circumstances the law enforcement officers find themselves.
Policies are formed through various stages where a problem is first identified, demands of policy established, formulation of agendas undertaken, and then the implantation and evaluation of the policies take place. The stages, therefore, provide a clear picture where new problems emerge, and policies are shaped accordingly to ensure those police officers understand how to act in such situations. At present, more information that can help in law enforcement is available through data collected on the body and car video cams of the police and through the radio calls. As such, the future of criminal justice will include a lot of research and problem identification across the board using much of the information from the field as the officers perform their duties (Jenks & Fuller, 2015).
The policy-making further takes into consideration the various aspects or principles regarding the criminal law justice system. Such principle entails there is a fair hearing for the accused, no discrimination on the part of the justice system, the sentence should further be given to the accuser publicly. The intention of the offender and the gravity of the crime he or she committed should be put into consideration. In evaluating policies, the income outcome employment model comes in handy. The evidence is brought into play especially in the formulation of policies. In the past, people did not depend on evidence, and therefore policies were formulated without relevance to the situation in the criminal justice system (Sarat & Ewick, 2015).
At present, more data can be collected and examined to determine what policies can be adopted and even how effective they can be in dealing with certain practices in the criminal justice system. The future of the criminal systems looks brighter than ever before as crime is being dealt with expediently. Technology has contributed a lot to the efficient handling of law among the police and the courts. The crimes which were an ever-present political issue in the past are now not a thing of concern. The future of the criminal justice policy formulation further depends on the people who will be dealing with more technologically directed solutions. The use of surveillance, facial recognition among other forms of technology will further help in ensuring with issues of the use of technology and still maintaining discretion. In dealing with the current crime rates, which are at an all-time low the criminal justice, the system needs to consider how it handles various populations in the United States especially those of the minority races (Bolgiano, Banks & Patterson, 2015). The media has come out strongly in reporting various shootings that have been deemed as racial.
Limitations in Policy Making
The limitations associated with policy making in the justice system have faced many challenges. Politics affect the policy-making process, particularly when research sides with the views of those in power. Politics thus change the policymaking and guides it towards views helped by the leaders in place. Researchers, therefore, do not conduct research that will bring about relevant results in coming up with effective policies. Evidenced-based methods in coming up with policy have not been effective since the politicians have not agreed with them. The differences between academics, practitioners, politicians and policy makers have thus about differences in culture, periods and perceptions. Such differences stifle the policymaking process and thus create avenues where effectiveness in making effective policies are reduced (Bell, 2011).
The justice system has been faced with a myriad of challenges regarding juvenile delinquents, minorities, wrongful conviction, organized crime, and the use of force by police. Another important issue to note is that of race. Law enforcement about race has further changed since the media has brought to light many issues of racial profiling by the police. The Fergusson shooting further brings racial profiling to the fore, and such an issue needs to be dealt with in policy. Such aspects have further enabled increase the complexity in carrying out justice to such groups since policies are not sufficiently addressing such issues (Chambliss, 2011). The criminal justice system, therefore, faces challenges especially regarding the policy makers and their interactions with politicians and interested parties.
In anticipating policy, outcomes there is need to come up with models. Such models will help in evaluating the policies in place and determining their effectiveness in ensuring an efficient criminal justice system. In evaluating policies, the impact model comes in handy. In such cases, policies will be evaluated and those that are not functioning amended or removed. The model assists in finding out the variance using expected results from the actual outcomes. The model further helps in determining the policy outcomes in various regions especially in their implementation. As such it becomes important to know how polices are received in different areas and therefore their effectiveness. When looking at juveniles, the model provides an efficient way to determine if the justice system is effective in handling them. As such, models come in handy when dealing with crimes associated with juveniles and even adults. The anticipation of policy results is quite important and therefore in future research will help come up with models that will deal with all categories of crimes efficiently especially since technology has broadened the scope of policymaking. Policy makers should thus be people who are not affiliated with any political cause but who concentrate on ensuring that discretion is maintained in the policy-making process (Kania & Davis, 2011).
Conclusion
The future in this case thus holds a dynamic shift of policy making regarding the criminal justice system. The actors in the criminal justice system will thus have to follow due process and ensure fairness in all undertaking, and this will be enhanced by the formulation of policies following the constant changes brought about by the use of technology among other things. Evidence-based policy making is being used a present, and in future, it may be of great importance as data and surveillance continue improving (Welsh, 2016). Such information will help in providing a wealth of information that will guide the criminal justice system and how the police are to act in different situations especially in discharging of their weapons.
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