Concurrent Engineering
Concurrent engineering involves the integration of the development process associated with the product. Concurrent engineering consists of team values about sharing trust and cooperation whereby the various people through a consensus while further involving multiple pointers in different project life cycle stages reach decision-making. Concurrent engineering, therefore, has various processes that include software, facilities, multidisciplinary teams and various processes (Heagney, 2012). In using concurrent engineering, more people are involved, and solutions are reached at with the majority to ensure that the best possible approach is employed in the execution of projects in place.
Total Quality Management
Total quality management involves a structured and comprehensive approach to management with the aim of enhancing the quality of services and commodities with information gathered from feedback to the company’s services. The quality improvement in the organization is more or less different from various organizations though it has to conform to the ISO 9000 standards. The quality management according to TQM usually focuses on the customer’s view of the product or services. TQM concentrates mostly on various categories, which include act, check, do and plan. The planning stage involves the definition of the problems in the organization (Ika, 2009). The doing stage involves the implementation of the solution and coming up with mechanisms that can measure the efficiency of the solution implemented. Checking involves examining the data before and after carrying out various solutions. The acting stage involves the informing the people of the different variation about the changes that have been made in the company to align it with its goals.
Therefore, if the feedback from eh customers is positive, it has an affirmative impact on the business and, therefore, makes the organizational activities more marketable. Total quality management, therefore, plays a great role in ensuring that the company carries out its mandate as effectively as possible.
Empowerment
Empowering of team members in project management is crucial to ensuring that the people are prepared for the various activities associated with the project. Empowering an employee boosts confidence and courage to make sure that the employees are better placed to carry out their work with more independence while at the same time being accountable for their actions. Empowerment usually creates a flat structure in the organization and brings on board many players who are well skilled in their work and thus can make concrete and efficient decisions towards the work processes and further increase efficiency in the organization (Stevenson & Sum, 2009). Empowerment, therefore, helps more teamwork in project management and enhances the process of decision making giving the project manager more options to deal with other issues that are more urgent while living some of the decision making to other team members.
Self-Directed Work for Teams
Self-directed teams are important to any project. They are team members who have different skills and are combined work towards a particular task with little or no supervision at all. The team has to come up with a working structure and ensure that it can complete the task assigned to at in particular period. The team is usually formed to do more than one task, and therefore, the composition and the way the members coordinate with each other determines how the team will perform. Therefore, the team directs its effort without much involvement of the management in performing various tasks and in ensuring that the what is require of the team is done appropriately and timely.
As is the case with most teams it is important for the team members to work together to ensure that that the team succeeds. In such a group, the various team members usually have to work towards solving the various problems associated with the tasks being done (Andersen & Grude, 2009). The organization often helps the self-directed teams in providing them with guidance and the mission statement to align their activities with the organization. Therefore, self-directed teams in project management are important as they help in ensuring that groups are formed to perform specific functions that are to be directed towards meeting the objectives and goals of the company.
Life Cycle Costing
Life cycle costing usually uses economic analysis regarding the various expenses associated with the business that including maintenance, operations and building costs in a particular period (Farr, 2011). Utility costs are thus calculated over time to ensure how the various escalation rates and their relations to the rise of utility costs. It tends to forecast on the future expected costs that are expressed using the dollars values at present while using a discounting rate. Life cycle costing helps in coming up with forecasted costs for the project lifecycle to ensure that the management has an idea of the various additional costs that may be needed for the project and to come up with estimates that will help in planning on whether more resources are needed in the different life cycles of the project.
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